- Lorelei L Norvell. 1995.
- Loving the chanterelle to death? The ten-year Oregon chanterelle
project. McIlvainea 12(l): 6-25.
- CONTENTS: A fully referenced overview of the Oregon Mycological
Society's ground-breaking study conducted entirely by volunteers,
the first in North America to establish permanent experimental
and control plots to compare the impact of sporocarp removal
upon subsequent fruiting. Provides a background on possible
causes for decline in mushroom productivity in America and
overseas (pollution, habitat destruction, over-harvesting),
details the experiment site, project design and protocols,
and offers the first preliminary conclusions inferred from
three years baseline and six years of harvesting data. These
data suggest: (i) no statistically significant correlation
between sporocarp removal and productivity, (ii) an outcome
not influenced by harvesting method (pulling versus cutting);
(iii) a significantly positive correlation between chanterelle
abundance and average summer temperature; and (iv) no correlation
between chanterelle abundance and precipitation. The author
also notes that the chanterelle being studied probably represents
the endemic Cantharellus formosus and not C. cibarius.
[Ten-year harvesting data now imply that chanterelle removal
may stimulate future chanterelle abundance, see Norvell &
Roger, 1998, above. (See also Projects: Chanterelles)]
- -- Cited in 2nd International Workshop on Edible
Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms (Pilz et al. 2002); British
Fungus Flora: Agarics & Boleti 8 (1998, Watling
& Turnbull); BC Journal of Ecosystems and
Management (Wiensczyk et al. 2002);
BC NTFP
Mushrooms (Gamiet et al. 2003); Canadian Forest
Service Reports (Peterson et al. 2002); Distribution
and diversity of fungal species in and adjacent to the
Los Alamos National Laboratory (1997, Balice et al.);
Ecology & Management of Commercially Harvested
Chanterelle Mushrooms (Pilz et al. 2003); Farbatlas der
Basidiomyceten (Moser & Jülich, 2000) ; Forest
Ecology and Management (Bergemann & Largent 2000,
Pilz & Molina 2002); Mcllvainea (Murphy 1996; Czederpilz
et al. 1999); Mycological Research (Dahlman et al.
2000); Mycologist (Leonard, 1997); Mycology in
Sustainable Development: Expanding Concepts, Vanishing
Borders (1996; Bandala et al. chapter, Redhead chapter);
Mycotaxon (Redhead et al., 1997);
Mykoweb
(pdf) (Desjardin 2001: ); NTFP Proceedings (2000,
Duchesne et al,); An overview of Pine mushrooms in the
Skeena-Bulkley Region (1998, Gamiet et al.); Structure
and Dynamics of Fungal Populations (1999, Worrall
chapter); A survey of macromycete diversity at Los Alamos
National Laboratory, Bandelier National Monument, and Los
Alamos county (1997, Jarmie & Rogers);
USDI
Oregon BLM Sources & References (pdf) (2001)
- SA Redhead, GR Walker, JF Ammirati, LL Norvell. 1995.
- Omphalina sensu lato in North America 4: 0. rosella.
Mycologia 87(6): 880-885.
- ABSTRACT: The invalid combination Omphalina rosella
is validated. A new variety, O. rosella var. vinacea,
is described from western North America. It is illustrated
and compared to O. rosella var. rosella from
Europe and North Africa, and an unnamed variety from Baja
California, Mexico. Omphalina rosella is an anomalous
species intermediate between Omphalina and Rickenella.
Also included: New records (WA), complete nomenclator, and
discussion of generic placement. (See also Projects: Agaric
Taxonomy and Nomenclature)
- -- Cited in Bollettino del Gruppo Micologico G. Bresadola
(Contu 1997);
Mykoweb
(pdf) (Desjardin 2001).
- LL Norvell, JF Ammirati. 1995.
- Systematics of PNW Phaeocollybia species: molecular and
morphological collusion. Abstract in Inoculum
46(3): 32.
-
ABSTRACT: DNA has been extracted and amplified from the
ITS1 & ITS2 regions associated with the 5.8S rDNA gene
from 130 PNW and extralimital collections of Phaeocollybia
(Agaricales, Cortinariaceae). Informative polymorphisms have
been generated from nine different restriction enzymes (Cfo1,
EcoR1, Hinf1, Nde2, Pal1, Pvu2, Rsa1, Sal1, Xho1), and compared
with the morphological and ecological characters of 25 putative
species. The molecular data appear to support species hypotheses
generated from the more traditional morphological analyses.
Phaeocollybia scatesiae has been revealed as synonymous
with P. californica [this synonymy is no longer recognized]
while four new species are supported as molecularly and morphologically
distinct from other PNW species. RFLP generated groupings
of collections with the P. kauffmanii complex appear
to be linked to subtle anatomical and microscopical differences.
Chemical, developmental, and ecological investigations of
600 Phaeocollybia collections made in British Columbia,
Washington, Oregon, and California (1991-1994) continue to
reveal the unique biology of the genus and its integral place
in the old-growth Pacific coast mesic forest ecosystem. (See
also Projects: Phaeocollybia)
- Lorelei L Norvell. 1995.
- Strategy 1: Phaeocollybia, Herbaria, and the Perception
of Rarity. Abstract in Program: Oregon Native Plant Society
Symposium on Conservation and Management of Native Habitat.
Corvallis, Oregon.
- ABSTRACT: Phaeocollybia is an easily recognized genus
of mushrooms flagged by the Forest Ecosystem management Assessment
Team (FEMAT) in 1993 as closely associated with old-growth
coniferous forests. With 60 species reported worldwide, the
genus reaches its greatest diversity in the PNW with at least
23 species endemic to the Northern spotted owl forests from
northern California to British Columbia. These mushrooms have
long been considered rare, with neither distribution nor fruiting
patterns well documented. The author's intensive sampling
of phaeocollybias and evaluation of herbaria collections of
Strategy-1 species (Record of Decision, 1994) have revealed
the dangers of defining fungal rarity based on herbarium records
alone. Striking and distinctive fungal species genuinely rare
in the field appear to be disproportionately represented in
herbaria, while common nondescript macrofungi are under-represented.
Unfortunately, determination of fungal rarity is complicated
by the fact that macrofungi -- in fact microorganisms requiring
microscopic examination for accurate identification -- produce
fruiting bodies that are typically short-lived and unpredictable
in their emergence. Additionally, numbers of fruiting bodies
present on a given site may indicate only a prolific single
organism rather than species [abundance]. Thus basing the
perception of rarity on relative numbers of herbarium collections
can be both misleading and erroneous. (See also Projects:
Phaeocollybia, Northwest Forest Plan; Biodiversity)
- Lorelei Norvell. 1995.
- How does one key a Gestalt and other niceties. Mushroom,
The Journal 13(l): 32-33.
- CONTENTS: Where the author ruminates over the difficulties
of differentiating Phaeocollybia species in view of
conflicting morphological and molecular data. "I spent the
whole day describing, chemically testing and microexamining
your carefully wrapped specimens of Phaeocollybias spadicea,
oregonensis, piceae, fallax, lilacifolia, kauffmanii, benzokauffmanii,
and "cryptokauffmanii" - all of which I can recognize
and all of which I can't tell you why…" (See also Projects:
Phaeocollybia, Agaric Taxonomy and Nomenclature)
- SA Redhead, JF Ammirati, LL Norvell. 1995.
- Omphalina sensu lato in North America. 3. Chromosera
gen. nov. Beihefte Sydowia 10: 142-154. (Moser
Festschrift)
- ABSTRACT: Omphalina cyanophylla and Mycena lilacifolia
are considered to be synonymous. A new genus Chromosera
is described to accommodate C. cyanophylla. North American
specimens are described. Variation in the dextrinoid reaction
of the trama is discussed as is the circumscription of the
genus Mycena. Peculiar pigment corpuscles are illustrated.
ALSO INCLUDED: North American distribution (BC, MB, NB, NS,
ON, PQ, CA, MI, NY, OR, TN, WA). (See also Projects: Agaric
Taxonomy and Nomenclature)
- -- Cited in Dictionary of Fungi (Kirk et al., 2001);
Handbook to Additional Fungal Species... in the NW Forest
Plan (Castellano et al. 2003); Molecular Phylogenetics and
Evolution (Moncalvo et al. 2002); Mushrooms of Northeastern
North America (1997 - Bessette, Bessette, Fischer);
Mycotaxon (Barrasa & Esteve-Raventos 2000, Redhead,
Lutzoni et al. 2002);
Mykoweb
(pdf) (Desjardin 2001).
- Lorelei L Norvell, Frank Kopecky, Janet Lindgren, Judy Roger.
1995.
- The Chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius) -- A Peek
at Productivity. IN Proceedings: The Business and
Science of Special Forest Products -- A Conference and Exposition
January 26-27, 1994. Chris Schnepf, ed. Western
Forestry and Conservation Association, Portland, OR. pp. 117-128.
- ABSTRACT: Since 1986 the Oregon Cantharellus Study Project
team has been engaged in long-term research of the chanterelle,
a commercially harvested edible mushroom associated with economically
significant timber species in the Pacific Northwest. Eight
years ago Oregon Mycological Society members established 10
plots in a 100 year old hemlock-Douglas-fir stand in the buffer
zone of Mt Hood's Bull Run watershed to study whether harvesting
chanterelles adversely affects later fruitings. All chanterelles
have been numbered, flagged, measured, and mapped every 2
weeks throughout the growing season. Since 1989 all chanterelles
over 1 cm in diameter have been removed from 6 of the 10 plots,
either by cutting (3 plots) or by pulling (3 pots). No chanterelles
have been removed from the 4 control plots. while data reveal
a wide fluctuation of overall productivity -- indicated by
biomass as well as numbers of fruiting bodies -- from year
to year, harvesting data fail to show that picking chanterelles
has an impact on the subsequent productivity over the short
term. Factors that may influence productivity include canopy
cover, short and long term weather patterns, and the presence
of coarse woody debris. (See also Projects: Chanterelles)]
- -- Cited in Botanical Forest products: Effects
upon operational planning (1998, Atwood - preparer);
Canadian Forest Service Research Extension notes
(Fogarty et al. 2001); Conservation & development of
non-timber forest products in the PNW (von Hagen et al.,
1996); Ecology & Management of Commercially Harvested
Chanterelle Mushrooms (Pilz et al. 2003); Ecology
of the Montane Chanterelles (Cantharellus cibarius
and Cantharellus subalbidus (Steiger 1997 Humboldt State
MA thesis); Ecology of the Pacific golden chanterelle
(Cantharellus formosus) (1998 - Bergemann Humboldt
State MS Thesis); Forest Ecology and Management (Bergemann
& Largent 2000); Inoculum (Lizon 1995); Managing
forest ecosystems to conserve fungus diversity and sustain
wild mushroom harvests (1996: O'Dell et al.
chapter, Pilz et al chapter); Mushroom, The Journal
(Pilz & Molina, 1998); Mycotaxon (Redhead et
al. 1997) ; An overview of Pine mushrooms in the Skeena-Bulkley
Region. (1998, Gamiet et al.; Wild edible mushrooms
in the Blue Mountains: Resource and Issue (1997, Parks
& Schmitt)
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