- Lorelei L Norvell, Scott A Redhead. 1994.
- Valdensinia heterodoxa (Sclerotiniaceae) in the United
States. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24: 1981-1983.
- CONTENTS: First records of this leaf spot disease causal
agent in the USA (in Idaho, Washington, and Oregon) on ericaceous
hosts: Gaultheria shallon, Vaccinium alaskense,
V. membranaceum) and new Canadian records. SEM photographs
of the multicellular infective anamorph (Valdensia heterodoxa)
show the hygroscopic arms that push against the leaf surface,
causing the propagule to snap off to spring several centimeters
against other leaves. Also discussed are symptoms and sclerotia.
(See also Projects: Biodiversity)
- -- Cited in Ainsworth & Bisby's Dictionary
of the Fungi (1995, Hawksworth et al.); Australian New Crops
(Fletcher, 2001); Mycological Research (Vogelgsang & Shamoun, 2002);
PhD Dissertation (pdf)
(Strengbom - 2002, Umeå University, Sweden)
- SA Redhead, JF Ammirati, GR Walker, LL Norvell, MB Puccio.
1994.
- Squamanita contortipes, the Rosetta Stone of a mycoparasitic
agaric genus. Canadian Journal of Botany 72: 1812-1824.
- ABSTRACT: Fungal biodiversity studies on the Olympic peninsula,
Washington, have uncovered the key to understanding one of
the most enigmatic mushroom genera worldwide. Discovery of
a mushroom (Squamanita contortipes) on another grossly
distorted but identifiable agaric (Galerina sp.) that
retained partial fertility and morphology provides documentation
of parasitism and gall formation by the genus Squamanita.
This revelation leads to a reinterpretation of all Squamanitas
as co-mingled hosts and parasites and supplies a simple explanation
for anatomical mixtures of tissues erroneously cited as evidence
linking the Agaricaceae, Tricholomataceae, and Amanitaceae.
It also resolves six decades of controversy over the identity
or function of enlarged bases that often bear chlamydospores.
Parasitism of mushroom fruitbodies by other mushrooms is a
rare phenomenon (<20 reported species globally). With the
addition of accepted Squamanita species, the number
of known sporophorous parasitic agarics worldwide is increased
by one-third and the number of obligate mycoparasitic mushroom
genera is doubled. ALSO INCLUDED: Description of S. contortipes,
revision of the genus, key to species worldwide, host index
for Squamanita, and a general review (151 references)
of mycoparasitic agarics on other fungal fruit bodies. KEY
WORDS: Amanita, Armillaria, Asterophora, Astraeus, Claudopus,
Clitocybe, Collybia, Coprinus, Cystoderma, Entoloma, Galerina,
Helvella, Kuehneromyces, Microcollybia, Nyctalis, Phaeolepiota,
Psathyrella, Rhodocybe, Russula, Scleroderma, Volvariella,
Xerocomus, chlamydospores, basidiospore pigmentation,
protocarpic tuber, old-growth forest, sclerotia. (See also
Projects: Agaric Taxonomy and Nomenclature)
- --Cited in Allionia (Vizzini & Girlanda
1998); Bioscience (Petersen & Hughes 1999); British
Fungus Flora #8 (1998 - Watling & Turnbull); Brittonia
(Halling1996); Coolia (van der Aa 1995); Farbatlas
der Basidiomyceten (Moser & Jühlich 2000); Mushroom
The Journal (Rogers 1995); Mycological Research
(Fraser & Morse1995, Hughes et al. 2001); Mycologist(Moore
1995); The Mycota (Chapter 5: Hibbett & Thorn
2001); Nature (Gee 1995); Neue Zuricher Zeitung
(July 19, 1995); Taxon (Redhead & Seifert 2001).
- SA Redhead, JF Ammirati, GR Walker, LL Norvell, MB Puccio,
TE O'Dell, MT Seidl, S Gamiet. 1994.
- The Who's Who of mushroom versus mushroom -- mycoparasitism
of agaric basidiomata by other agarics in the Pacific Northwest.
Fifth International Mycological Congress Abstracts,
p. 178.
- CONTENTS: Documentation of the discovery that the mushroom
genus Squamanita is mycoparasitic on other mushrooms,
causing them to form galls from which the fruit bodies of
the Squamanita arise. Previous treatments of Squamanita
have mistakenly included features of the host's galls as parts
of the Squamanita, and this has led to incorrect familial
classification.
- J Ammirati, S Ammirati, L Norvell, M Puccio, M Seidl, G Walker,
Puget Sound Mycological Society, S Redhead, J Ginns, H Burdsall,
T Volk, K Nakasone. 1994.
- A Preliminary Report on the Fungi of Barlow Pass, Washington.
McIlvainea 11(2):10-33
- JF Ammirati, GR Walker, LL Norvell, MT Seidl, Puget Sound
Mycological Society, SA Redhead, JH Ginns, HH Burdsall, TJ Volk.
1994.
- Macrofungi of old-growth Abies forests in the Pacific
Northwest. Abstract in Fifth International Mycological
Congress Abstracts, p. 4.
- CONTENTS: Both publications document 267 species and varieties
of macrofungi found in an old-growth forest in Washington
State. Dr Joe Ammirati of the University of Washington has
coordinated a largely voluntary field crew that regularly
samples the site to help provide baseline data on species
diversity. Rare and taxonomically difficult species were identified
by specialists included as authors with the amateur club,
which donated hundreds of hours of labor. (See also Projects:
Northwest Forest Plan, Biodiversity)
- LL Norvell, JF Ammirati, SA Redhead. 1994.
- Phaeocollybia in Western North America. Abstract
in Fifth International Mycological Congress Abstracts,
p. 158.
- ABSTRACT: Phaeocollybia (Cortinariaceae, Agaricales)
is a biologically intriguing genus of mushrooms flagged in
recent literature as a generic component of old-growth Pacific
coast mesic forests in the United States and Canada. Over
one-third of the 60 known species occur from southern British
Columbia to northern California, making the region the center
of greatest known diversity worldwide. The most salient macrocharacter
of Phaeocollybia is the long subterranean pseudorhiza,
indicative of the enigmatic biological status. Excavations
have exposed different growth patterns.; basidiomes arise
either in a fasciculate "starburst" from a rhizomorph, successively
from existing pseudorhizae, or from a mycelial mass associated
with mycorrhizal roots. Examination of over 500 recent collections
confirms that microscopic tibiiform processes are a generic
feature. These secretory processes, consistently found on
the cortical hyphae of the pseudorhizal base and mycelia,
may be homologous with the tibiiform cheilocystidia found
in some species. Another generic character appears to be the
formation of a primordial sheath; velate primordia have been
discovered in almost all primordia thus far examined, with
retention of tibiiform processes on the sheath differentially
retained as fibrillose patches on stipe and pileus of different
species. The characteristic tibiiform-covered mycelia have
been found leading to rootlets sheathed in a mycorrhizal mantle,
lending support to the theory that some species are mycorrhizal.
To date, species have been differentiated by morphological
and ecological characters. Random Fragment Length Polymorphisms
of the ITS region associated with the 5.8S rDNA gene are being
generated to test criteria used for sectional classification
based on basidiospore characters, cheilocystidial form, and
the occurrence of clamp connections. (See also Projects: Phaeocollybia)
- Lorelei L Norvell. 1994.
- Systematics of Laccaria (Agaricales) in the Continental
United States and Canada, with discussion on Extralimital
taxa and descriptions of extant types. by Gregory M. Mueller.
1992. Fieldiana -- Botany: New Series, #30. Publication 1435.
Field Museum of Natural History. 158 pp. Mycophile
May/June: p. 6.
- CONTENTS: Book Review. "The monograph's obvious strengths
are a thorough consideration of characters taken from widely
distributed and numerous collections, and a workable key.
While work on the genus Laccaria is by no means complete,
Mueller is to be commended for presenting a well-organized
treatise that is one of the first to combine well-thought
out morphological, cultural, and molecular analyses of the
taxa under discussion."
- Lorelei L Norvell, Scott A Redhead, Joseph F Ammirati.
1994.
- Omphalina sensu lato in North America 1-2. 1: Omphalina
wynniae and the genus Chrysomphalina. 2: Omphalina
sensu Bigelow. Mycotaxon 50: 379-407.
- ABSTRACT: The four-year observation of an Oregon population
of Omphalina wynniae has facilitated reevaluation of
its generic placement and that of other North American omphalinoid
agarics. In Part 1, the species is illustrated and described
in detail, its nomenclatural history discussed, and the new
combination Chrysomphalina grossula proposed for it.
The genus Chrysomphalina is reevaluated -- new combinations
C. chrysophylla var. salmonispora, C. chrysophylla
var. hoffmanii are made; Gerronema strombodes
is removed from Chrysomphalina and the new combination
G. xanthophyllum is made for a vicariant European taxon
that has been confused with G. strombodes. A key to
the known species and varieties of Chrysomphalina is
presented. In Part 2, the division of Omphalina sensu
Bigelow and the generic concepts of Gerronema, Haasiella,
Omphalina, Phytoconis, Pseudoarmillariella, and Rickenella
are discussed. New combinations include Omphalina
hohensis and O. marchantiae, and Hygrocybe luteoomphaloides
nom. nov. is proposed for O. occidentalis. A
key to generic segregates of Omphalina sensu Bigelow
and expanded generic descriptions are provided. (See also
Projects: Agaric Taxonomy and Nomenclature)
- -- Cited in Bollettino del Gruppo Micologico G. Bresadola (Contu 1997);
The Bryologist (Lichen Check List 1995); British Fungus Flora Agarics
& Boleti 8 (Watling & Turnbull 1998); Bulletin de la Societé
mycologique de France (Chiaffi & Surault 1996); Canadian Journal of
Botany (Petersen 1995); Flora Agaricina Neerlandica (Kuyper 1995);
Handbook to Additional Fungal Species... in the NW Forest Plan (Castellano
et al. 2003); Index of Fungi (1994, Kirk ed).;
Matchmaker PNW
(Gibson & Gibson 2001); Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
(Moncalvo et al. 2002); Mycologia (Redhead et al. 1995, Desjardin &
Hemmes 1997, Johnson & Petersen 1997); Mycotaxon (Redhead, Moncalvo
et al. 2002, Redhead Lutzoni et al. 2002);
Mykoweb (pdf)
(Desjardin 2001: ); A Nomenclatural Study of Armillaria and Armillariella
species (1995, Volk & Burdsall); Systematic Biology (Lutzoni
1997)
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